improve depth heuristic for maximum delta size

improve depth heuristic for maximum delta size

This provides a linear decrement on the penalty related to delta depth
instead of being an 1/x function.  With this another 5% reduction is
observed on packs for both the GIT repo and the Linux kernel repo, as
well as fixing a pack size regression in another sample repo I have.

Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>