Fix users of prefix_path() to free() only when necessary

Fix users of prefix_path() to free() only when necessary

Unfortunately, prefix_path() sometimes returns a newly xmalloc()ed buffer,
and in other cases it returns a substring!

For example, when calling

	git update-index ./hello.txt

prefix_path() returns "hello.txt", but does not allocate a new buffer. The
original code only checked if the result of prefix_path() was different from
what was passed in, and thusly trigger a segmentation fault.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>