2 * collectd - src/statsd.c
3 * Copyright (C) 2013 Florian octo Forster
5 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
6 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
7 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
8 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
9 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
10 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
13 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
16 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
17 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
18 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
19 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
20 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
21 * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
24 * Florian octo Forster <octo at collectd.org>
31 #include "configfile.h"
32 #include "utils_avltree.h"
33 #include "utils_latency.h"
35 #include <sys/types.h>
39 /* AIX doesn't have MSG_DONTWAIT */
41 # define MSG_DONTWAIT MSG_NONBLOCK
44 #ifndef STATSD_DEFAULT_NODE
45 # define STATSD_DEFAULT_NODE NULL
48 #ifndef STATSD_DEFAULT_SERVICE
49 # define STATSD_DEFAULT_SERVICE "8125"
59 typedef enum metric_type_e metric_type_t;
61 struct statsd_metric_s
66 latency_counter_t *latency;
68 unsigned long updates_num;
70 typedef struct statsd_metric_s statsd_metric_t;
72 static c_avl_tree_t *metrics_tree = NULL;
73 static pthread_mutex_t metrics_lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
75 static pthread_t network_thread;
76 static _Bool network_thread_running = 0;
77 static _Bool network_thread_shutdown = 0;
79 static char *conf_node = NULL;
80 static char *conf_service = NULL;
82 static _Bool conf_delete_counters = 0;
83 static _Bool conf_delete_timers = 0;
84 static _Bool conf_delete_gauges = 0;
85 static _Bool conf_delete_sets = 0;
87 static double *conf_timer_percentile = NULL;
88 static size_t conf_timer_percentile_num = 0;
90 static _Bool conf_counter_sum = 0;
91 static _Bool conf_timer_lower = 0;
92 static _Bool conf_timer_upper = 0;
93 static _Bool conf_timer_sum = 0;
94 static _Bool conf_timer_count = 0;
96 /* Must hold metrics_lock when calling this function. */
97 static statsd_metric_t *statsd_metric_lookup_unsafe (char const *name, /* {{{ */
100 char key[DATA_MAX_NAME_LEN + 2];
102 statsd_metric_t *metric;
107 case STATSD_COUNTER: key[0] = 'c'; break;
108 case STATSD_TIMER: key[0] = 't'; break;
109 case STATSD_GAUGE: key[0] = 'g'; break;
110 case STATSD_SET: key[0] = 's'; break;
111 default: return (NULL);
115 sstrncpy (&key[2], name, sizeof (key) - 2);
117 status = c_avl_get (metrics_tree, key, (void *) &metric);
121 key_copy = strdup (key);
122 if (key_copy == NULL)
124 ERROR ("statsd plugin: strdup failed.");
128 metric = calloc (1, sizeof (*metric));
131 ERROR ("statsd plugin: calloc failed.");
137 metric->latency = NULL;
140 status = c_avl_insert (metrics_tree, key_copy, metric);
143 ERROR ("statsd plugin: c_avl_insert failed.");
150 } /* }}} statsd_metric_lookup_unsafe */
152 static int statsd_metric_set (char const *name, double value, /* {{{ */
155 statsd_metric_t *metric;
157 pthread_mutex_lock (&metrics_lock);
159 metric = statsd_metric_lookup_unsafe (name, type);
162 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
166 metric->value = value;
167 metric->updates_num++;
169 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
172 } /* }}} int statsd_metric_set */
174 static int statsd_metric_add (char const *name, double delta, /* {{{ */
177 statsd_metric_t *metric;
179 pthread_mutex_lock (&metrics_lock);
181 metric = statsd_metric_lookup_unsafe (name, type);
184 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
188 metric->value += delta;
189 metric->updates_num++;
191 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
194 } /* }}} int statsd_metric_add */
196 static void statsd_metric_free (statsd_metric_t *metric) /* {{{ */
201 if (metric->latency != NULL)
203 latency_counter_destroy (metric->latency);
204 metric->latency = NULL;
207 if (metric->set != NULL)
212 while (c_avl_pick (metric->set, &key, &value) == 0)
215 assert (value == NULL);
218 c_avl_destroy (metric->set);
223 } /* }}} void statsd_metric_free */
225 static int statsd_parse_value (char const *str, value_t *ret_value) /* {{{ */
229 ret_value->gauge = (gauge_t) strtod (str, &endptr);
230 if ((str == endptr) || ((endptr != NULL) && (*endptr != 0)))
234 } /* }}} int statsd_parse_value */
236 static int statsd_handle_counter (char const *name, /* {{{ */
237 char const *value_str,
244 if ((extra != NULL) && (extra[0] != '@'))
250 status = statsd_parse_value (extra + 1, &scale);
254 if (!isfinite (scale.gauge) || (scale.gauge <= 0.0) || (scale.gauge > 1.0))
259 status = statsd_parse_value (value_str, &value);
263 /* Changes to the counter are added to (statsd_metric_t*)->value. ->counter is
264 * only updated in statsd_metric_submit_unsafe(). */
265 return (statsd_metric_add (name, (double) (value.gauge / scale.gauge),
267 } /* }}} int statsd_handle_counter */
269 static int statsd_handle_gauge (char const *name, /* {{{ */
270 char const *value_str)
276 status = statsd_parse_value (value_str, &value);
280 if ((value_str[0] == '+') || (value_str[0] == '-'))
281 return (statsd_metric_add (name, (double) value.gauge, STATSD_GAUGE));
283 return (statsd_metric_set (name, (double) value.gauge, STATSD_GAUGE));
284 } /* }}} int statsd_handle_gauge */
286 static int statsd_handle_timer (char const *name, /* {{{ */
287 char const *value_str,
290 statsd_metric_t *metric;
296 if ((extra != NULL) && (extra[0] != '@'))
302 status = statsd_parse_value (extra + 1, &scale);
306 if (!isfinite (scale.gauge) || (scale.gauge <= 0.0) || (scale.gauge > 1.0))
311 status = statsd_parse_value (value_str, &value_ms);
315 value = MS_TO_CDTIME_T (value_ms.gauge / scale.gauge);
317 pthread_mutex_lock (&metrics_lock);
319 metric = statsd_metric_lookup_unsafe (name, STATSD_TIMER);
322 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
326 if (metric->latency == NULL)
327 metric->latency = latency_counter_create ();
328 if (metric->latency == NULL)
330 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
334 latency_counter_add (metric->latency, value);
335 metric->updates_num++;
337 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
339 } /* }}} int statsd_handle_timer */
341 static int statsd_handle_set (char const *name, /* {{{ */
342 char const *set_key_orig)
344 statsd_metric_t *metric = NULL;
348 pthread_mutex_lock (&metrics_lock);
350 metric = statsd_metric_lookup_unsafe (name, STATSD_SET);
353 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
357 /* Make sure metric->set exists. */
358 if (metric->set == NULL)
359 metric->set = c_avl_create ((int (*) (const void *, const void *)) strcmp);
361 if (metric->set == NULL)
363 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
364 ERROR ("statsd plugin: c_avl_create failed.");
368 set_key = strdup (set_key_orig);
371 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
372 ERROR ("statsd plugin: strdup failed.");
376 status = c_avl_insert (metric->set, set_key, /* value = */ NULL);
379 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
381 ERROR ("statsd plugin: c_avl_insert (\"%s\") failed with status %i.",
386 else if (status > 0) /* key already exists */
391 metric->updates_num++;
393 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
395 } /* }}} int statsd_handle_set */
397 static int statsd_parse_line (char *buffer) /* {{{ */
404 type = strchr (name, '|');
410 value = strrchr (name, ':');
416 extra = strchr (type, '|');
423 if (strcmp ("c", type) == 0)
424 return (statsd_handle_counter (name, value, extra));
425 else if (strcmp ("ms", type) == 0)
426 return (statsd_handle_timer (name, value, extra));
428 /* extra is only valid for counters and timers */
432 if (strcmp ("g", type) == 0)
433 return (statsd_handle_gauge (name, value));
434 else if (strcmp ("s", type) == 0)
435 return (statsd_handle_set (name, value));
438 } /* }}} void statsd_parse_line */
440 static void statsd_parse_buffer (char *buffer) /* {{{ */
442 while (buffer != NULL)
448 next = strchr (buffer, '\n');
461 sstrncpy (orig, buffer, sizeof (orig));
463 status = statsd_parse_line (buffer);
465 ERROR ("statsd plugin: Unable to parse line: \"%s\"", orig);
469 } /* }}} void statsd_parse_buffer */
471 static void statsd_network_read (int fd) /* {{{ */
477 status = recv (fd, buffer, sizeof (buffer), /* flags = */ MSG_DONTWAIT);
482 if ((errno == EAGAIN) || (errno == EWOULDBLOCK))
485 ERROR ("statsd plugin: recv(2) failed: %s",
486 sstrerror (errno, errbuf, sizeof (errbuf)));
490 buffer_size = (size_t) status;
491 if (buffer_size >= sizeof (buffer))
492 buffer_size = sizeof (buffer) - 1;
493 buffer[buffer_size] = 0;
495 statsd_parse_buffer (buffer);
496 } /* }}} void statsd_network_read */
498 static int statsd_network_init (struct pollfd **ret_fds, /* {{{ */
501 struct pollfd *fds = NULL;
504 struct addrinfo *ai_list;
507 char const *node = (conf_node != NULL) ? conf_node : STATSD_DEFAULT_NODE;
508 char const *service = (conf_service != NULL)
509 ? conf_service : STATSD_DEFAULT_SERVICE;
511 struct addrinfo ai_hints = {
512 .ai_family = AF_UNSPEC,
513 .ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE | AI_ADDRCONFIG,
514 .ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM
517 status = getaddrinfo (node, service, &ai_hints, &ai_list);
520 ERROR ("statsd plugin: getaddrinfo (\"%s\", \"%s\") failed: %s",
521 node, service, gai_strerror (status));
525 for (struct addrinfo *ai_ptr = ai_list; ai_ptr != NULL; ai_ptr = ai_ptr->ai_next)
530 char dbg_node[NI_MAXHOST];
531 char dbg_service[NI_MAXSERV];
533 fd = socket (ai_ptr->ai_family, ai_ptr->ai_socktype, ai_ptr->ai_protocol);
537 ERROR ("statsd plugin: socket(2) failed: %s",
538 sstrerror (errno, errbuf, sizeof (errbuf)));
542 getnameinfo (ai_ptr->ai_addr, ai_ptr->ai_addrlen,
543 dbg_node, sizeof (dbg_node), dbg_service, sizeof (dbg_service),
544 NI_DGRAM | NI_NUMERICHOST | NI_NUMERICSERV);
545 DEBUG ("statsd plugin: Trying to bind to [%s]:%s ...", dbg_node, dbg_service);
547 status = bind (fd, ai_ptr->ai_addr, ai_ptr->ai_addrlen);
551 ERROR ("statsd plugin: bind(2) failed: %s",
552 sstrerror (errno, errbuf, sizeof (errbuf)));
557 tmp = realloc (fds, sizeof (*fds) * (fds_num + 1));
560 ERROR ("statsd plugin: realloc failed.");
568 memset (tmp, 0, sizeof (*tmp));
570 tmp->events = POLLIN | POLLPRI;
573 freeaddrinfo (ai_list);
577 ERROR ("statsd plugin: Unable to create listening socket for [%s]:%s.",
578 (node != NULL) ? node : "::", service);
583 *ret_fds_num = fds_num;
585 } /* }}} int statsd_network_init */
587 static void *statsd_network_thread (void *args) /* {{{ */
589 struct pollfd *fds = NULL;
593 status = statsd_network_init (&fds, &fds_num);
596 ERROR ("statsd plugin: Unable to open listening sockets.");
597 pthread_exit ((void *) 0);
600 while (!network_thread_shutdown)
602 status = poll (fds, (nfds_t) fds_num, /* timeout = */ -1);
607 if ((errno == EINTR) || (errno == EAGAIN))
610 ERROR ("statsd plugin: poll(2) failed: %s",
611 sstrerror (errno, errbuf, sizeof (errbuf)));
615 for (size_t i = 0; i < fds_num; i++)
617 if ((fds[i].revents & (POLLIN | POLLPRI)) == 0)
620 statsd_network_read (fds[i].fd);
623 } /* while (!network_thread_shutdown) */
626 for (size_t i = 0; i < fds_num; i++)
631 } /* }}} void *statsd_network_thread */
633 static int statsd_config_timer_percentile (oconfig_item_t *ci) /* {{{ */
635 double percent = NAN;
639 status = cf_util_get_double (ci, &percent);
643 if ((percent <= 0.0) || (percent >= 100))
645 ERROR ("statsd plugin: The value for \"%s\" must be between 0 and 100, "
646 "exclusively.", ci->key);
650 tmp = realloc (conf_timer_percentile,
651 sizeof (*conf_timer_percentile) * (conf_timer_percentile_num + 1));
654 ERROR ("statsd plugin: realloc failed.");
657 conf_timer_percentile = tmp;
658 conf_timer_percentile[conf_timer_percentile_num] = percent;
659 conf_timer_percentile_num++;
662 } /* }}} int statsd_config_timer_percentile */
664 static int statsd_config (oconfig_item_t *ci) /* {{{ */
666 for (int i = 0; i < ci->children_num; i++)
668 oconfig_item_t *child = ci->children + i;
670 if (strcasecmp ("Host", child->key) == 0)
671 cf_util_get_string (child, &conf_node);
672 else if (strcasecmp ("Port", child->key) == 0)
673 cf_util_get_service (child, &conf_service);
674 else if (strcasecmp ("DeleteCounters", child->key) == 0)
675 cf_util_get_boolean (child, &conf_delete_counters);
676 else if (strcasecmp ("DeleteTimers", child->key) == 0)
677 cf_util_get_boolean (child, &conf_delete_timers);
678 else if (strcasecmp ("DeleteGauges", child->key) == 0)
679 cf_util_get_boolean (child, &conf_delete_gauges);
680 else if (strcasecmp ("DeleteSets", child->key) == 0)
681 cf_util_get_boolean (child, &conf_delete_sets);
682 else if (strcasecmp ("CounterSum", child->key) == 0)
683 cf_util_get_boolean (child, &conf_counter_sum);
684 else if (strcasecmp ("TimerLower", child->key) == 0)
685 cf_util_get_boolean (child, &conf_timer_lower);
686 else if (strcasecmp ("TimerUpper", child->key) == 0)
687 cf_util_get_boolean (child, &conf_timer_upper);
688 else if (strcasecmp ("TimerSum", child->key) == 0)
689 cf_util_get_boolean (child, &conf_timer_sum);
690 else if (strcasecmp ("TimerCount", child->key) == 0)
691 cf_util_get_boolean (child, &conf_timer_count);
692 else if (strcasecmp ("TimerPercentile", child->key) == 0)
693 statsd_config_timer_percentile (child);
695 ERROR ("statsd plugin: The \"%s\" config option is not valid.",
700 } /* }}} int statsd_config */
702 static int statsd_init (void) /* {{{ */
704 pthread_mutex_lock (&metrics_lock);
705 if (metrics_tree == NULL)
706 metrics_tree = c_avl_create ((int (*) (const void *, const void *)) strcmp);
708 if (!network_thread_running)
712 status = pthread_create (&network_thread,
714 statsd_network_thread,
719 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
720 ERROR ("statsd plugin: pthread_create failed: %s",
721 sstrerror (errno, errbuf, sizeof (errbuf)));
725 network_thread_running = 1;
727 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
730 } /* }}} int statsd_init */
732 /* Must hold metrics_lock when calling this function. */
733 static int statsd_metric_clear_set_unsafe (statsd_metric_t *metric) /* {{{ */
738 if ((metric == NULL) || (metric->type != STATSD_SET))
741 if (metric->set == NULL)
744 while (c_avl_pick (metric->set, &key, &value) == 0)
751 } /* }}} int statsd_metric_clear_set_unsafe */
753 /* Must hold metrics_lock when calling this function. */
754 static int statsd_metric_submit_unsafe (char const *name, statsd_metric_t *metric) /* {{{ */
757 value_list_t vl = VALUE_LIST_INIT;
761 sstrncpy (vl.host, hostname_g, sizeof (vl.host));
762 sstrncpy (vl.plugin, "statsd", sizeof (vl.plugin));
764 if (metric->type == STATSD_GAUGE)
765 sstrncpy (vl.type, "gauge", sizeof (vl.type));
766 else if (metric->type == STATSD_TIMER)
767 sstrncpy (vl.type, "latency", sizeof (vl.type));
768 else if (metric->type == STATSD_SET)
769 sstrncpy (vl.type, "objects", sizeof (vl.type));
770 else /* if (metric->type == STATSD_COUNTER) */
771 sstrncpy (vl.type, "derive", sizeof (vl.type));
773 sstrncpy (vl.type_instance, name, sizeof (vl.type_instance));
775 if (metric->type == STATSD_GAUGE)
776 values[0].gauge = (gauge_t) metric->value;
777 else if (metric->type == STATSD_TIMER)
779 _Bool have_events = (metric->updates_num > 0);
781 /* Make sure all timer metrics share the *same* timestamp. */
784 ssnprintf (vl.type_instance, sizeof (vl.type_instance),
786 values[0].gauge = have_events
787 ? CDTIME_T_TO_DOUBLE (latency_counter_get_average (metric->latency))
789 plugin_dispatch_values (&vl);
791 if (conf_timer_lower) {
792 ssnprintf (vl.type_instance, sizeof (vl.type_instance),
794 values[0].gauge = have_events
795 ? CDTIME_T_TO_DOUBLE (latency_counter_get_min (metric->latency))
797 plugin_dispatch_values (&vl);
800 if (conf_timer_upper) {
801 ssnprintf (vl.type_instance, sizeof (vl.type_instance),
803 values[0].gauge = have_events
804 ? CDTIME_T_TO_DOUBLE (latency_counter_get_max (metric->latency))
806 plugin_dispatch_values (&vl);
809 if (conf_timer_sum) {
810 ssnprintf (vl.type_instance, sizeof (vl.type_instance),
812 values[0].gauge = have_events
813 ? CDTIME_T_TO_DOUBLE (latency_counter_get_sum (metric->latency))
815 plugin_dispatch_values (&vl);
818 for (size_t i = 0; i < conf_timer_percentile_num; i++)
820 ssnprintf (vl.type_instance, sizeof (vl.type_instance),
821 "%s-percentile-%.0f", name, conf_timer_percentile[i]);
822 values[0].gauge = have_events
823 ? CDTIME_T_TO_DOUBLE (latency_counter_get_percentile (metric->latency, conf_timer_percentile[i]))
825 plugin_dispatch_values (&vl);
828 /* Keep this at the end, since vl.type is set to "gauge" here. The
829 * vl.type's above are implicitly set to "latency". */
830 if (conf_timer_count) {
831 sstrncpy (vl.type, "gauge", sizeof (vl.type));
832 ssnprintf (vl.type_instance, sizeof (vl.type_instance),
834 values[0].gauge = latency_counter_get_num (metric->latency);
835 plugin_dispatch_values (&vl);
838 latency_counter_reset (metric->latency);
841 else if (metric->type == STATSD_SET)
843 if (metric->set == NULL)
844 values[0].gauge = 0.0;
846 values[0].gauge = (gauge_t) c_avl_size (metric->set);
848 else { /* STATSD_COUNTER */
849 gauge_t delta = nearbyint (metric->value);
851 /* Etsy's statsd writes counters as two metrics: a rate and the change since
852 * the last write. Since collectd does not reset its DERIVE metrics to zero,
853 * this makes little sense, but we're dispatching a "count" metric here
854 * anyway - if requested by the user - for compatibility reasons. */
855 if (conf_counter_sum)
857 sstrncpy (vl.type, "count", sizeof (vl.type));
858 values[0].gauge = delta;
859 plugin_dispatch_values (&vl);
861 /* restore vl.type */
862 sstrncpy (vl.type, "derive", sizeof (vl.type));
865 /* Rather than resetting value to zero, subtract delta so we correctly keep
866 * track of residuals. */
867 metric->value -= delta;
868 metric->counter += (derive_t) delta;
870 values[0].derive = metric->counter;
873 return (plugin_dispatch_values (&vl));
874 } /* }}} int statsd_metric_submit_unsafe */
876 static int statsd_read (void) /* {{{ */
878 c_avl_iterator_t *iter;
880 statsd_metric_t *metric;
882 char **to_be_deleted = NULL;
883 size_t to_be_deleted_num = 0;
885 pthread_mutex_lock (&metrics_lock);
887 if (metrics_tree == NULL)
889 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
893 iter = c_avl_get_iterator (metrics_tree);
894 while (c_avl_iterator_next (iter, (void *) &name, (void *) &metric) == 0)
896 if ((metric->updates_num == 0)
897 && ((conf_delete_counters && (metric->type == STATSD_COUNTER))
898 || (conf_delete_timers && (metric->type == STATSD_TIMER))
899 || (conf_delete_gauges && (metric->type == STATSD_GAUGE))
900 || (conf_delete_sets && (metric->type == STATSD_SET))))
902 DEBUG ("statsd plugin: Deleting metric \"%s\".", name);
903 strarray_add (&to_be_deleted, &to_be_deleted_num, name);
907 /* Names have a prefix, e.g. "c:", which determines the (statsd) type.
908 * Remove this here. */
909 statsd_metric_submit_unsafe (name + 2, metric);
911 /* Reset the metric. */
912 metric->updates_num = 0;
913 if (metric->type == STATSD_SET)
914 statsd_metric_clear_set_unsafe (metric);
916 c_avl_iterator_destroy (iter);
918 for (size_t i = 0; i < to_be_deleted_num; i++)
922 status = c_avl_remove (metrics_tree, to_be_deleted[i],
923 (void *) &name, (void *) &metric);
926 ERROR ("stats plugin: c_avl_remove (\"%s\") failed with status %i.",
927 to_be_deleted[i], status);
932 statsd_metric_free (metric);
935 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
937 strarray_free (to_be_deleted, to_be_deleted_num);
940 } /* }}} int statsd_read */
942 static int statsd_shutdown (void) /* {{{ */
947 if (network_thread_running)
949 network_thread_shutdown = 1;
950 pthread_kill (network_thread, SIGTERM);
951 pthread_join (network_thread, /* retval = */ NULL);
953 network_thread_running = 0;
955 pthread_mutex_lock (&metrics_lock);
957 while (c_avl_pick (metrics_tree, &key, &value) == 0)
960 statsd_metric_free (value);
962 c_avl_destroy (metrics_tree);
966 sfree (conf_service);
968 pthread_mutex_unlock (&metrics_lock);
971 } /* }}} int statsd_shutdown */
973 void module_register (void)
975 plugin_register_complex_config ("statsd", statsd_config);
976 plugin_register_init ("statsd", statsd_init);
977 plugin_register_read ("statsd", statsd_read);
978 plugin_register_shutdown ("statsd", statsd_shutdown);
981 /* vim: set sw=2 sts=2 et fdm=marker : */